Compare Solomon Islands (2003) - Tokelau (2008)

Compare Solomon Islands (2003) z Tokelau (2008)

	Solomon Islands (2003)	Tokelau (2008)

Administrative divisions	9 provinces and 1 capital territory; Central, Choiseul (Lauru), Guadalcanal, Honiara, Isabel, Makira, Malaita, Rennell/Bellona, Temotu, Western	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	0-14 years: 42.9% (male 111,333; female 107,062) 15-64 years: 54% (male 139,072; female 135,721) 65 years and over: 3.1% (male 7,754; female 8,248) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5%
Agriculture - products	cocoa beans, coconuts, palm kernels, rice, potatoes, vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs; timber; fish	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish
Airports	32 (2002)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 30 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 20 (2002)	-
Area	total: 28,450 sq km land: 27,540 sq km water: 910 sq km	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Maryland	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The UK established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in the 1890s. Some of the bitterest fighting of World War II occurred on these islands. Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have undermined stability and civil society.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	32.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $38 million expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001)	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million (1987 est.)
Capital	Honiara	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical monsoon; few extremes of temperature and weather	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	5,313 km	101 km
Constitution	7 July 1978	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Solomon Islands former: British Solomon Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Currency	Solomon Islands dollar (SBD)	-
Death rate	4.12 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$137 million (2001 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not produce the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Solomon Islands (embassy closed July 1993); the ambassador to Papua New Guinea is accredited to the Solomon Islands	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Colin BECK chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400L, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 599-6192, 6193 FAX: [1] (212) 661-8925	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	none	Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution
Economic aid - recipient	$28 million mainly from Japan, Australia, China, and NZ (2001 est.)	-
Economy - overview	The bulk of the population depends on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of their livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. However, severe ethnic violence, the closing of key business enterprises, and an empty government treasury have led to serious economic disarray, indeed near collapse. Tanker deliveries of crucial fuel supplies (including those for electrical generation) have become sporadic due to the government's inability to pay and attacks against ships. Telecommunications are threatened by the nonpayment of bills and by the lack of technical and maintenance staff many of whom have left the country.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	29.76 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	32 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Makarakomburu 2,447 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; soil erosion; many of the surrounding coral reefs are dead or dying	limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	Melanesian 93%, Polynesian 4%, Micronesian 1.5%, European 0.8%, Chinese 0.3%, other 0.4%	Polynesian
Exchange rates	Solomon Islands dollars per US dollar - NA (2002), NA (2001), 5.09 (2000), 4.84 (1999), 4.82 (1998)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir John LAPLI (since NA 1999) head of government: Prime Minister Sir Allan KEMAKEZA (since 17 December 2001); Deputy Prime Minister Snyder RINI (since 17 December 2001) cabinet: Cabinet consists of 20 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among the members of Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the advice of Parliament for up to five years; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister from among the members of Parliament	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Pio TUIA (since 23 February 2008); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	NA (2001)	$0
Exports - commodities	timber, fish, copra, palm oil, cocoa	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	Japan 21.2%, China 18.8%, South Korea 16.3%, Philippines 8.9%, Thailand 7.6%, Singapore 4.1% (2002)	New Zealand (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	divided diagonally by a thin yellow stripe from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is blue with five white five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern; the lower triangle is green	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $800 million (2001 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 42% industry: 11% services: 47% (2000 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	-10% (2001 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	8 00 S, 159 00 E	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	strategic location on sea routes between the South Pacific Ocean, the Solomon Sea, and the Coral Sea	consists of three atolls (Atafu, Fakaofo, Nukunonu), each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over 3 m above sea level
Highways	total: 1,360 km paved: 34 km unpaved: 1,326 km (1999 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA (2001)	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)
Imports - commodities	food, plant and equipment, manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	Australia 31.3%, Singapore 19.7%, New Zealand 5.1%, Fiji 4.6%, Papua New Guinea 4.5% (2002)	New Zealand (2006)
Independence	7 July 1978 (from UK)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	fish (tuna), mining, timber	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: 22.88 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.58 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.8% (2001 est.)	NA%
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTrO	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	26,842	440 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 75%, industry 5%, services 20% (2000 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 1.5% permanent crops: 0.64% other: 97.86% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	Melanesian pidgin in much of the country is lingua franca; English is official but spoken by only 1%-2% of the population note: 120 indigenous languages	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	English common law, which is widely disregarded	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	unicameral National Parliament (50 seats; members elected from single-member constituencies by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 5 December 2001 (next to be held not later than December 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 40%, SIACC 40%, PPP 20%; seats by party - PAP 16, SIACC 13, PPP 2, SILP 1, independents 18	unicameral General Fono (20 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Atafu has seven seats, Fakaofo has seven seats, Nukunonu has six seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held 17-19 January 2008 (next to be held in 2011) election results: independents 20
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 72.1 years male: 69.64 years female: 74.68 years (2003 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	NA
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Papua New Guinea	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	no regular military forces; Solomon Islands National Reconnaissance and Surveillance Force; Royal Solomon Islands Police (RSIP)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 7 July (1978)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Solomon Islander(s) adjective: Solomon Islander	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earth tremors; volcanic activity	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	fish, forests, gold, bauxite, phosphates, lead, zinc, nickel	NEGL
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	Association of Independents [Snyder RINI]; People's Alliance Party or PAP [Allan KEMAKEZA]; People's Progressive Party or PPP [Mannaseh Damukana SOGAVARE]; Solomon Islands Alliance for Change Coalition or SIACC [Bartholomew ULUFA'ALU]; Solomon Islands Labor Party or SILP [Joses TUHANUKU] note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid coalitions	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	509,190 (July 2003 est.)	1,449 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.83% (2003 est.)	-0.018% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Aola Bay, Honiara, Lofung, Noro, Viru Harbor, Yandina	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (one radio station provides service to all islands) (2002)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Anglican 45%, Roman Catholic 18%, United (Methodist/Presbyterian) 12%, Baptist 9%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, other Protestant 5%, indigenous beliefs 4%	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	NA
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations
Telephones - main lines in use	8,000 (1997)	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	658 (1997)	-
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)	-
Terrain	mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	4.34 children born/woman (2003 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	NA%	NA%
Waterways	none	-

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